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Combined mode: There can also be an operation mode in which the internal combustion engine and electric power are used at the same time: This mode is used if more power is required that is during acceleration or at high speed, the electric motor starts to run in parallel with the common engine so the car reaches more power.
![parallel hybrid vehicles parallel hybrid vehicles](https://energy.stanford.edu/sites/g/files/sbiybj9971/f/styles/large-scaled/public/simona-ieee-2-2020.png)
This is the normal operating mode on the road. Engine power only mode: at speeds above 40 km/h, only the combustion engine is running.This is the usual way to get around the town and also in reverse gear as the speed is limited in reverse gear.
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the electric motor runs only on battery power, which is not recharged by the internal combustion engine.
#Parallel hybrid vehicles series
However, in terms of fuel and environmental indicators, the parallel circuit is inferior to the series one the internal combustion engine cannot operate in the economy mode all the time. When the vehicle is using electric traction only, or during regenerative braking the internal combustion engine is not working it is disengaged by the clutch or not receiving power, that is, it is idling Since the torque from the input shaft can be directly transmitted to the wheels the efficiency of this hybrid is higher. Since there is a permanent mechanical connection between the wheels and the engine that is no clutch, the battery cannot be charged when the vehicle is stationary. The battery can be charged during regenerative braking and while cruising when the engine power is higher than the power required to drive. Most designs combine a large electric motor-generator unit into a single unit often located between the combustion engine and the transmission, replacing the conventional starter motor and the alternator. The electric motor is powered by a traction battery. That is, the parallel configuration provides for a mechanical connection of the internal combustion engine with the gearbox and the traction motor with the driving wheels of the car. Parallel hybrid systems have an internal combustion engine and an electric motor that is connected in parallel to a mechanical transmission. Parallel hybrid configuration Parallel hybrid configuration | Source: Sciencedirect Also, production hybrids are relatively efficient in city driving with frequent stops. That is, the internal combustion engine can operate in a narrow rpm range most efficient range even when the vehicle is changing speed.
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it takes a certain time to charge from a working internal combustion engine.
#Parallel hybrid vehicles full
The internal combustion engine, generator, and electric motor are designed for the full power of the vehicle.The advantages of individual wheel motors include simplified traction control no traditional mechanical transmission elements such as a gearbox, transmission shafts, differential Some 8×8 and 4х4 military vehicles use individual motors.īy the way, a hybrid fuel cell vehicle always has a series configuration the engine-generator combination is replaced by a fuel cell. Integration of the engine into the wheels has the disadvantage of increasing the unsprung mass, which reduces driving performance. Some vehicle designs have separate electric motors for each wheel. This solution results in a less deep discharge of the battery and the stress factor of the battery.